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AVR 單晶專區

ATMEL 獨家之 8-bit RISC 核心 FlashBase 架構之微處理器, 指令週期比為1或2 (標準51為6或12). CodeFlash 從 1KB 到 128K, 且整合了相當完整之週邊, 如 UART, PWM, EEPROM, WDT, RTC, ADC...等, 全系列均具備 In-System-Programming 功能, 燒錄方式較為簡單. ATmega 系列並具有 Self-Programming 提供自我燒錄升級的能力. 工作電壓最低至 1.8V, 工作頻率最高至 16MHz. 包裝腳數從 8 到 64 Pins, 有 DIP, PLCC, SOIC, SSOP, TQFP, MLF 等各式封裝方式.
欲查詢最新資料請造訪 ATMEL 原廠網站 AVR 網頁

2002/12/24
站長在比較各元件之指令集時發現一有趣之現象, 部分元件 datasheet 之指令表與 原廠網站比較表 的註明並不一致, 以下資料將以 datasheet 之指令表為準.
族系比較表 特性比較表 參考文件 程式開發工具 ICE/模擬器/ StartKit 相關網站
族系比較表
編號 碼容量 RAM/ EE 指令數 I/O 中斷源 外中斷 S P I U A R T T W I 8/16 Tmr P W M W D T R T C 比較器 A D C ISP 電壓 自我燒錄 工作電壓 內建 RC OSC 最高工作頻率 特殊功能 封裝方式
ATtiny11L 1K 32/- 90 6 4 1+5 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V - 2.7 5.5 1 2 - DIP8 SOIC8
ATtiny11 1K 32/- 90 6 4 1+5 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V - 4.0 5.5 1 6 - DIP8 SOIC8
ATtiny12V 1K 32/64 90 6 5 1+5 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 1.8 5.5 1.2 1.2 BOD DIP8 SOIC8
ATtiny12L 1K 32/64 90 6 5 1+5 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 5.5 1.2 4 BOD DIP8 SOIC8
ATtiny12 1K 32/64 90 6 5 1+5 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 4.0 5.5 1.2 8 BOD DIP8 SOIC8
ATtiny15L 1K 32/64 90 6 8 1+5 - - - 2/- 1 Y - Y 4 12V/ VCC - 2.7 5.5 1.6 1.6 BOD DIP8 SOIC8
ATtiny26L 2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 16 11 1+8 1 1 1 2/- 4 Y - Y 11 12V/ VCC - 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD DIP20 SOIC20 MLF32
ATtiny26 2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 16 11 1+8 1 1 1 2/- 4 Y - Y 11 12V/ VCC - 4.0 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD DIP20 SOIC20 MLF32
ATtiny28V 2K 32/ - 90 20 5 1+8 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V - 1.8 5.5 1.2 1.2 - DIP28 TQFP32 MLF32
ATtiny28L 2K 32/ - 90 20 5 1+8 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V - 2.7 5.5 1.2 4 - DIP28 TQFP32 MLF32
AT90S1200
-4 		1K 32/ 64 89 15 3 1 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 1 4 - DIP20 SOIC20 SSOP20
AT90S1200
-12 		1K 32/ 64 89 15 3 1 - - - 1/- - Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 1 12 - DIP20 SOIC20 SSOP20
AT90S2313
-4 		2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 15 10 2 - 1 - 1/1 1 Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 - 4 - DIP20 SOIC20
AT90S2313
-10 		2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 15 10 2 - 1 - 1/1 1 Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 - 10 - DIP20 SOIC20
AT90LS2323 2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 3 2 1 - - - 1/- - Y - - - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 - 4 - DIP8 SOIC8
AT90S2323 2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 3 2 1 - - - 1/- - Y - - - 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 - 10 - DIP8 SOIC8
AT90LS2343
-1 		2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 5 2 1 - - - 1/- - Y - - - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 1 1 - DIP8 SOIC8
AT90LS2343
-4 		2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 5 2 1 - - - 1/- - Y - - - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 1 4 - DIP8 SOIC8
AT90S2343 2K 128+ 32/ 128 118 5 2 1 - - - 1/- - Y - - - 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 1 10 - DIP8 SOIC8
AT90LS4433
phaseout		 4K 128+ 32/ 256 118 20 14 2 1 1 - 1/1 1 Y - Y 6 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 - 4 BOD DIP28 TQFP32
AT90S4433
phaseout		 4K 128+ 32/ 256 118 20 14 2 1 1 - 1/1 1 Y - Y 6 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 - 8 BOD DIP28 TQFP32
AT90S8515
-4 		8K 512+ 32/ 512 118 32 12 2 1 1 - 1/1 2 Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 - 4 - DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44
AT90S8515
-8 		8K 512+ 32/ 512 118 32 12 2 1 1 - 1/1 2 Y - Y - 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 - 8 - DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44
AT90LS8535 8K 512+ 32/ 512 118 32 16 2 1 1 - 2/1 3 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC - 2.7 6.0 - 4 - DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44
AT90LS8535 8K 512+ 32/ 512 118 32 16 2 1 1 - 2/1 3 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC - 4.0 6.0 - 8 - DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44
ATmega8L 8K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 23 18 2 1 1 1 2/1 3 Y Y Y 4+2/ 6+2 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL DIP28 TQFP32 MLF32
ATmega8 8K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 23 18 2 1 1 1 2/1 3 Y Y Y 4+2/ 6+2 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL DIP28 TQFP32 MLF32
ATmega8535L 8K 512+ 32/ 512 130 32 20 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega8535 8K 512+ 32/ 512 130 32 20 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega8515L 8K 512+ 32/ 512 130 35 16 3 1 1 1 1/1 2 Y - Y - 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44
ATmega8515 8K 512+ 32/ 512 130 35 16 3 1 1 1 1/1 2 Y - Y - 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL DIP40 PLCC44 TQFP44
ATmega161L 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 35 20 3 1 2 - 2/1 4 Y Y Y - 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 - 4 BOD/ MUL DIP40 TQFP44
ATmega161 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 35 20 3 1 2 - 2/1 4 Y Y Y - 12V/ VCC Y 4.0 5.5 - 8 BOD/ MUL DIP40 TQFP44
ATmega162V 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 131 35 20 3+16 1 2 1 2/2 6 Y Y Y - 12V/ VCC Y 1.8 3.6 8 1 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega162U 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 131 35 20 3+16 1 2 1 2/2 6 Y Y Y - 12V/ VCC Y 2.4 4.0 8 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega162L 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 131 35 20 3+16 1 2 1 2/2 6 Y Y Y - 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 8 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega162 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 131 35 20 3+16 1 2 1 2/2 6 Y Y Y - 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 8 16 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega169V 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 131 54 22 1+16 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 1.8 3.6 8 1 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG TQFP64 MLF64
ATmega169L 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 131 54 22 1+16 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 3.6 8 4 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG TQFP64 MLF64
ATmega163L
phaseout		 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 32 17 2 1 1 1 2/1 3 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1 4 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44
ATmega163
phaseout		 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 32 17 2 1 1 1 2/1 3 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.0 5.5 1 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44
ATmega16L 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 32 20 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega16 16K 1K+ 32/ 512 130 32 20 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega323L
phaseout		 32K 2K+ 32/ 1K 131 32 19 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1 4 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44
ATmega323
phaseout		 32K 2K+ 32/ 1K 131 32 19 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.0 5.5 1 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44
ATmega32L 32K 2K+ 32/ 1K 131 32 20 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega32 32K 2K+ 32/ 1K 131 32 20 3 1 1 1 2/1 4 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG DIP40 TQFP44 MLF44
ATmega64L 64K 4K+ 32/ 2K 131 53 34 8 1 2 1 2/2 6+2 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG TQFP64 MLF64
ATmega64 64K 4K+ 32/ 2K 131 53 34 8 1 2 1 2/2 6+2 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG TQFP64 MLF64
ATmega128L 128K 4K+ 32/ 4K 134 53 34 8 1 2 1 2/2 6+2 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 2.7 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 8 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG TQFP64 MLF64
ATmega128 128K 4K+ 32/ 4K 134 53 34 8 1 2 1 2/2 6+2 Y Y Y 8 12V/ VCC Y 4.5 5.5 1/2/ 4/8 16 BOD/ MUL/ JTAG TQFP64 MLF64
特性比較表
站長認為, 學習單晶最有效的方式就是把相關系列之差異拿來比一比, 因此在這裡將所有 AVR 家族元件 依功能差異分表列出, 希望對有需要的同好有所幫助.
Code / RAM / EEPROM 工作電壓 / 頻率 封裝方式 指令集差異

Code/RAM/EEPROM
碼容量 RAM
(不含32個暫存器) 		EEPROM 相關元件
1K 0 0 ATtiny11L , ATtiny11
1K 0 64 ATtiny12V , ATtiny12L , ATtiny12 , ATtiny15L , AT90S1200-4 , AT90S1200-12
2K 0 0 ATtiny28V , ATtiny28L
2K 128 128 ATtiny26L , ATtiny26 , AT90S2313-4 , AT90S2313-10 , AT90LS2323 , AT90S2323 , AT90LS2343-1 , AT90LS2343-4 , AT90S2343
4K 128 256 AT90LS4433 , AT90S4433
8K 512 512 AT90S8515-4 , AT90S8515-8 , AT90LS8535 , AT90S8535 , ATmega8535L , ATmega8535 , ATmega8515L , ATmega8515
8K 1K 512 ATmega8L , ATmega8
16K 1K 512 ATmega161L , ATmega161 , ATmega162V , ATmega162U , ATmega162L , ATmega162 , ATmega163L , ATmega163 , ATmega16L , ATmega16 , ATmega169V , ATmega169L
32K 2K 1K ATmega323L , ATmega323 , ATmega32L , ATmega32
64K 4K 2K ATmega64L , ATmega64
128K 4K 4K ATmega128L , ATmega128

工作電壓/頻率
工作
電壓 		內建
震盪器 		最高工
作頻率 		相關元件
1.8 - 3.6 8MHz 1MHz ATmega162V , ATmega169V
1.8 - 5.5 1.2MHz 1.2MHz ATtiny12V , ATtiny28V
2.4 - 4.0 8MHz 8MHz ATmega16U
2.7 - 3.6 8MHz 4MHz ATmega169L
2.7 - 5.5 1.6MHz 1.6MHz ATtiny15L
2.7 - 5.5 1MHz 2MHz ATtiny11L
2.7 - 5.5 - 4MHz ATmega161L
2.7 - 5.5 1MHz 4MHz ATmega163L , ATmega323L
2.7 - 5.5 1.2MHz 4MHz ATtiny12L , ATtiny28L
2.7 - 5.5 8MHz 8MHz ATmega162L
2.7 - 5.5 1/2/4/8 MHz 8MHz ATtiny26L , ATmega8L , ATmega16L , ATmega32L , ATmega64L , ATmega128L , ATmega8515L , ATmega8535L
2.7 - 6.0 - 4MHz AT90S2313-4 , AT90LS2323 , AT90LS4433 , AT90S8515-4 , AT90LS8535
2.7 - 6.0 1MHz 1MHz AT90LS2343-1
2.7 - 6.0 1MHz 4MHz AT90S1200-4 , AT90LS2343-4
4.0 - 5.5 1MHz 6MHz ATtiny11
4.0 - 5.5 1.2MHz 8MHz ATtiny12
4.0 - 5.5 - 8MHz ATmega161
4.0 - 6.0 - 8MHz AT90S4433 , AT90S8515-8 , AT90S8535
4.0 - 6.0 - 10MHz AT90S2313-10 , AT90S2323
4.0 - 6.0 1MHz 10MHz AT90S2343
4.0 - 6.0 1MHz 12MHz AT90S1200-12
4.5 - 5.5 8MHz 16MHz ATmega162
4.5 - 5.5 1/2/4/8 MHz 16MHz ATtiny26 , ATmega8515 , ATmega8535 , ATmega8 , ATmega16 , ATmega32 , ATmega64 , ATmega128

封裝方式
DIP SOIC 寬腳 SSOP 窄腳 PLCC TQFP MLF 相關元件
8 8 - - - - ATtiny11L , ATtiny11 , ATtiny12V , ATtiny12L , ATtiny12 , ATtiny15L , AT90LS2323 , AT90S2323 , AT90LS2343-1 , AT90LS2343-4 , AT90S2343
20 20 - - - - AT90S2313-4 , AT90S2313-10
20 20 20 - - - AT90S1200-4 , AT90S1200-12
20 20 - - - 32 ATtiny26L , ATtiny26
28 - - - 32 - AT90LS4433 , AT90S4433
28 - - - 32 32 ATtiny28V , ATtiny28L , ATmega8L , ATmega8
40 - - - 44 - ATmega161L , ATmega161 , ATmega163L , ATmega163 , ATmega323L , ATmega323
40 - - 44 44 - AT90S8515-4 , AT90S8515-8 , AT90LS8535 , AT90S8535 , ATmega8515L , ATmega8515
40 - - - 44 44 ATmega162V , ATmega162U , ATmega162L , ATmega162 , ATmega16L , ATmega16 , ATmega32L , ATmega32
40 - - 44 44 44 ATmega8535L , ATmega8535
- - - - 64 64 ATmega169V , ATmega169L , ATmega64L , ATmega64 , ATmega128L , ATmega128

指令集差異
基本個數及差異 相關元件
89個 基本指令 AT90S1200-4 , AT90S1200-12
90個 增加 LPM ATtiny11L , ATtiny11 , ATtiny12V , ATtiny12L , ATtiny12 , ATtiny15L , ATtiny28V , ATtiny28L ,
118個 增加 ADIW, SBIW, IJMP, ICALL, LD(8), LDD(2), LDS, ST(8), STD(2), STS, PUSH, POP ATtiny26L , ATtiny26 , AT90S2313-4 , AT90S2313-10 , AT90LS2323 , AT90S2323 , AT90LS2343-1 , AT90LS2343-4 , AT90S2343
130個 增加 MUL, MULS, MULSU, FMUL, FMULS, FMULSU, JMP, CALL, MOVW, LPM(2), SPM ATmega8515L , ATmega8515 , ATmega8535L , ATmega8535 , ATmega161L , ATmega161 , ATmega163L , ATmega163 , ATmega8L , ATmega8
131個 增加 BREAK ATmega162V , ATmega162U , ATmega162L , ATmega162 , ATmega169V , ATmega169L , ATmega323L , ATmega323 , ATmega16L , ATmega16 , ATmega32L , ATmega32 , ATmega64L , ATmega64
134個 增加 ELPM(3) ATmega128L , ATmega128

參考文件
AVR 指令集
Register and Bit-Name Definitions for the AVR uC
Getting Started With C for AVR
Getting Started with ImageCraft C for AVR
Linker Command Files for the IAR ICCA90 Compiler
Getting Started with the CodeVisionAVR C Compiler
Mixing C and Assembly Code with IAR Embedded Workbench for AVR
Efficient C Coding for AVR
EMC Design Considerations
AVR Hardware Design Considerations
Setup and Use the External RC Oscillator
JTAG ICE
STK500 Protocol
A Temperature Monitoring System with LCD Output
LCD Driver for the STK502
Modifying AT90ICEPRO and ATICE10 to Support Emulation of AT90S8535
Accessing 16-bit I/O Registers
Upgrading AT90ICEPRO to ICE10
Replacing ATmega103 by ATmega128
Replacing AT90S4433 by ATmega8
Replacing ATmega161 by ATmega162
Replacing ATmega163 by ATmega16
Replacing ATmega323 by ATmega32
Replacing AT90S8515 by ATmega8515
Replacing AT90S8535 by ATmega8535
Accessing the EEPROM
High Endurance EEPROM Storage
Block Copy Routines
Setup and use of the LPM Instructions
Self-programming
Setup and use the Analog Comparator
Setup ad use the AVR Timers
Real-Time Clock using the Asynchronous Timer
External Brown-Out Protection
Zero Cross Detector
Multiply and Divide Routines
Using the AVR Hardware Multiplier
16-Bit Arithmetics
BCD Arithmetics
Bubble Sort
8-Point Moving Average Filter
Digital Filters with AVR
CRC check of Program Memory
4x4 Keypad-Wake Up on Keypress
8-bit uC Multiplexing LED Drive & a 4x4 Keypad
Software TWI Master Interface
C Code for Interfacing AVR to AT17CXX FPGA Configuration Memory
Software TWI Slave Implementation
Half Duplex Interrupt Driven Software UART
Half Duplex Compact Software UART
Using the AVR UART in C
Software LIN Slave
Interfacing the PC/AT Keyboard
DTMF Generator
Software SPI Master
High-Speed Interface to Host EPP Parallel Port
Digital Sound Recorder with AVR and DataFlash
XmodemCRC Receive Utility for AVR
Step Motor Controller
Low Cost A/D Converter
8-Bit Precision A/D Converter
RC5 IR Remote Control Receiver
Battery Charger for SLA, NiCd, NiMH and Li-ion Batteries
Embedded Web Server
Quick Start Guide for the Embedded Internet Toolkit
Reducing the Power Consumption of AT90EIT1
In-System Programming
Understanding the AVR ICEPRO I/O Registers
Long Delay Generation Using the AVR uC
程式開發工具
AVR Studio 4.05
AVR Studio 3.55
AVR ISP Software for programming the AVR devices in the STK100 Development Board.
STK300 Application Builder Software
AT90S (AVR) Family Assembler software Version 1.30
AVR Prog Windows Version 1.33
AAVR Prog DOS Version 1.21
ATE ISP Programming software, Version 1.0
IAR Assembler Version 1.50B
IAR Assembler Version 1.50 for the AVR family
AVR Edit 3.5, english version including AVR-GCC 3.2
WinAVR(AVR-GCC) v3.3 build 20021209 Install
WinAVR(AVR-GCC) v3.3 build 20021209 Source
WinAVR(AVR-GCC) v3.3 build 20021111 Install
WinAVR(AVR-GCC) v3.3 build 20021111 Source
WinAVR(AVR-GCC) v3.2 build 20020612
ICE/模擬器/StartKit
STK500 User Guide
STK501 User Guide
AVR ISP User Guide
AVR JTAG ICE User Guide
AVR AT90ICEPRO User Guide
ATasic ICE POD User Guide
ATasicICE Manual
ATmegaICE User Guide
AVR ICE 200 User Guide
AVR ATICE10 User Guide
AVR ATICE30 User Guide
AVRProg User Guide
AT89/90S Series Flash Microcontroller Starter Kit Manual
STK200 Starter Kit User Guide
MegaAVR Starter Kit Manual
相關網站
超韌派
JEFFERY AVR 教學
AVR 教育開發板
AVR 單晶片微處理器檔案園地
IAR
CodeVisionAVR
AVR Forum
Programming a Spider's Brain
AVR Freaks
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